Certified Pediatric Emergency Nurse (CPEN) Practice Exam

Intubation is a critical intervention for ensuring adequate air exchange in a pediatric patient who cannot maintain their airway. This situation can arise due to various reasons, such as severe respiratory distress, unconsciousness, or significant facial or airway trauma. When the airway is compromised, it can lead to hypoxia and inadequate ventilation, making it essential to secure the airway through intubation. By placing an endotracheal tube, the healthcare provider can ensure that the airway remains open and facilitate mechanical ventilation if needed, thereby providing the necessary support for the child's respiratory function.

In scenarios where the child is exhibiting clear signs of dehydration, such as dry mucous membranes or decreased urine output, hydration becomes the priority, and intubation may not be the immediate focus unless airway compromise is evident. Similarly, while cardiac arrhythmias and conditions like anaphylaxis require swift medical intervention, they do not inherently indicate the need for intubation unless the airway is also at risk due to edema or swelling in the case of anaphylaxis or severe respiratory compromise.